Muitas vezes, a grande qualidade de um filme não está necessariamente em frente às câmeras, mas sim atrás delas. Por isso, a Academia de Artes e Ciências Cinematográficas entrega anualmente o prêmio de Melhor Diretor no Oscar, reconhecendo assim quem comanda as narrativas. Portanto, para conhecer a trajetória do prêmio e todos os indicados e vencedores da estatueta na categoria, leia mais na matéria.

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Fatos sobre o Oscar de Melhor Direção

Antes de mais nada, o Oscar de Melhor Diretor é entregue pela Academia desde a primeira edição do Oscar, em 1929.
Nas primeiras edições, contudo, havia uma certa confusão com relação às datas que os prêmios contemplariam. O Oscar de 1929 contemplou filmes de 1927 e 28 por exemplo, e só em 1935 se definiu que o prêmio seria dado para filmes do ano anterior.
De acordo com o site Encyclopedia Britannica, o maior vencedor do prêmio de Melhor Direção é John Ford com quatro estatuetas.
Além disso, foi somente em 2010 que a diretora Kathryn Bigelow se consagrou como a primeira mulher a receber o prêmio.

Os ganhadores de Melhor Direção dos últimos anos

Agora que já conhecemos algumas curiosidades do prêmio, vamos para a lista de todos os indicados e vencedores do Oscar de Melhor Direção. Os dados foram retirados do site Wide Screening e checados no site oficial do Oscar. Os vencedores estão marcados em negrito. Veja também uma galeria de fotos com os ganhadores dos últimos 10 anos da premiação.

Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert ganharam o prêmio por Everything Everywhere All at Once em 2023 (Foto: Divulgação)

Lista de indicados e vencedores do Oscar de Melhor Direção

2023

Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert (Everything Everywhere All at Once)
Steven Spielberg (The Fabelmans)
Todd Field (Tár)
Martin McDonagh (The Banshees of Inisherin)
Ruben Östlund (Triangle of Sadness)

2022

Jane Campion (The Power of the Dog)
Paul Thomas Anderson (Licorice Pizza)
Ryusuke Hamaguchi (Drive My Car)
Kenneth Branagh (Belfast)
Steven Spielberg (West Side Story)

2021

Chloé Zhao (Nomadland)
David Fincher (Mank)
Emerald Fennell (Promising Young Woman)
Thomas Vinterberg (Another Round)
Lee Isaac Chung (Minari)

2020

Bong Joon Ho (Parasite)
Quentin Tarantino (Once Upon a Time…in Hollywood)
Martin Scorsese (The Irishman)
1917 (Sam Mendes)
Todd Phillips (Joker)

2019

Alfonso Cuarón (Roma)
Yorgos Lanthimos (The Favourite)
Spike Lee (BlacKkKlansman)
Paweł Pawlikowski (Cold War)
Adam McKay (Vice)

2018

Guillermo del Toro (The Shape of Water)
Jordan Peele (Get Out)
Christopher Nolan (Dunkirk)
Greta Gerwig (Lady Bird)
Paul Thomas Anderson (Phantom Thread)

2017

Damien Chazelle (La La Land)
Barry Jenkins (Moonlight)
Mel Gibson (Hacksaw Ridge)
Denis Villeneuve (Arrival)
Kenneth Lonergan (Manchester by the Sea)

2016

Alejandro G. Iñárritu (The Revenant)
Tom McCarthy (Spotlight)
Adam McKay (The Big Short)
George Miller (Mad Max: Fury Road)
Lenny Abrahamson (Room)

2015

Alejandro G. Iñárritu (Birdman or The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)
Richard Linklater (Boyhood)
Bennett Miller (Foxcatcher)
Wes Anderson (The Grand Budapest Hotel
Morten Tyldum (The Imitation Game)

2014

Alfonso Cuarón (Gravity)
David O. Russell (American Hustle)
Steve McQueen (12 Years a Slave)
Martin Scorsese (The Wolf of Wall Street)
Alexander Payne (Nebraska)

2013

Ang Lee (Life of Pi)
Steven Spielberg (Lincoln)
David O. Russell (Silver Linings Playbook)
Benh Zeitlin (Beasts of the Southern Wild)
Michael Haneke (Amour)

2012

Michel Hazanavicius (The Artist)
Martin Scorsese (Hugo)
Woody Allen (Midnight in Paris)
Terrence Malick (The Tree of Life)
Alexander Payne (The Descendants)

2011

Tom Hooper (The King’s Speech)
David Fincher (The Social Network)
Ethan Coen & Joel Coen (True Grit)
Darren Aronofsky (Black Swan)
David O. Russell (The Fighter)

2010

Kathryn Bigelow (The Hurt Locker)
James Cameron (Avatar)
Quentin Tarantino (Inglourious Basterds)
Jason Reitman (Up in the Air)
Lee Daniels (Precious: Based on the novel Push by Sapphire)

2009

Danny Boyle (Slumdog Millionaire)
Gus Van Sant (Milk)
David Fincher (The Curious Case of Benjamin Button)
Ron Howard (Frost/Nixon)
Stephen Daldry (The Reader)

2008

Ethan Coen & Joel Coen (No Country for Old Men)
Jason Reitman (Juno)
Tony Gilroy (Michael Clayton)
Julian Schnabel (The Diving Bell and the Butterfly)
Paul Thomas Anderson (There Will Be Blood)

2007

Martin Scorsese (The Departed)
Clint Eastwood (Letters from Iwo Jima)
Stephen Frears (The Queen)
Paul Greengrass (United 93)
Alejandro González Iñárritu (Babel)

2006

Ang Lee (Brokeback Mountain)
Steven Spielberg (Munich)
George Clooney (Good Night, and Good Luck)
Paul Haggis (Crash)
Bennett Miller (Capote)

2005

Clint Eastwood (Million Dollar Baby)
Martin Scorsese (The Aviator)
Mike Leigh (Vera Drake)
Alexander Payne (Sideways)
Taylor Hackford (Ray)

2004

Peter Jackson (The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King)
Sofia Coppola (Lost in Translation)
Clint Eastwood (Mystic River)
Peter Weir (Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World)
Fernando Meirelles (City of God)

2003

Roman Polanski (The Pianist)
Martin Scorsese (Gangs of New York)
Rob Marshall (Chicago)
Pedro Almodóvar (Talk to Her)
Stephen Daldry (The Hours)

2002

Ron Howard (A Beautiful Mind)
Peter Jackson (The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring)
Ridley Scott (Black Hawk Down)
Robert Altman (Gosford Park)
David Lynch (Mulholland Drive)

2001

Steven Soderbergh (Traffic)
Ridley Scott (Gladiator)
Steven Soderbergh (Erin Brockovich)
Ang Lee (Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon)
Stephen Daldry (Billy Elliot)

2000

Sam Mendes (American Beauty)
M. Night Shyamalan (The Sixth Sense)
Spike Jonze (Being John Malkovich)
Michael Mann (The Insider)
Lasse Hallström (The Cider House Rules)

1999

Steven Spielberg (Saving Private Ryan)
John Madden (Shakespeare in Love)
Roberto Benigni (Life is Beautiful)
Terrence Malick (The Thin Red Line)
Peter Weir (The Truman Show)

1998

James Cameron (Titanic)
Gus Van Sant (Good Will Hunting)
Curtis Hanson (L.A. Confidential)
Peter Cattaneo (The Full Monty)
Atom Egoyan (The Sweet Hereafter)

1997

Anthony Minghella (The English Patient)
Joel Coen (Fargo)
Mike Leigh (Secrets & Lies)
Scott Hicks (Shine)
Milos Forman (The People Vs. Larry Flynt)

1996

Mel Gibson (Braveheart)
Tim Robbins (Dead Man Walking)
Mike Figgis (Leaving Las Vegas)
Chris Noonan (Babe)
Michael Radford (The Postman)

1995

Robert Zemeckis (Forrest Gump)
Quentin Tarantino (Pulp Fiction)
Robert Redford (Quiz Show)
Woody Allen (Bullets Over Broadway)
Krzysztof Kieslowski (Three Colors: Red)

1994

Steven Spielberg (Schindler’s List)
Robert Altman (Short Cuts)
James Ivory (The Remains of the Day)
Jim Sheridan (In the Name of the Father)
Jane Campion (The Piano)

1993

Clint Eastwood (Unforgiven)
Martin Brest (Scent of a Woman)
Robert Altman (The Player)
James Ivory (Howards End)
Neil Jordan (The Crying Game)

1992

Jonathan Demme (The Silence of the Lambs)
Oliver Stone (JFK)
John Singleton (Boyz n the Hood)
Ridley Scott (Thelma & Louise)
Barry Levinson (Bugsy)

1991

Kevin Costner (Dances With Wolves)
Martin Scorsese (Goodfellas)
Francis Ford Coppola (The Godfather, Part III)
Stephen Frears (The Grifters)
Barbet Schroeder (Reversal of Fortune)

1990

Oliver Stone (Born on the Fourth of July)
Woody Allen (Crimes and Misdemeanors)
Kenneth Branagh (Henry V)
Jim Sheridan (My Left Foot)
Peter Weir (Dead Poets Society)

1989

Barry Levinson (Rain Man)
Martin Scorsese (The Last Temptation of Christ)
Mike Nichols (Working Girl)
Alan Parker (Mississippi Burning)
Charles Crichton (A Fish Called Wanda)

1988

Bernardo Bertolucci (The Last Emperor)
Norman Jewison (Moonstruck)
Adrian Lyne (Fatal Attraction)
Lasse Hallström (My Life as a Dog)
John Boorman (Hope and Glory)

1987

Oliver Stone (Platoon)
David Lynch (Blue Velvet)
Woody Allen (Hannah and her Sisters)
Roland Joffé (The Mission)
James Ivory (A Room with a View)

1986

Sydney Pollack (Out of Africa)
John Huston (Prizzi’s Honor)
Peter Weir (Witness)
Akira Kurosawa (Ran)
Hector Babenco (Kiss of the Spider Woman)

1985

Milos Forman (Amadeus)
David Lean (A Passage to India)
Woody Allen (Broadway Danny Rose)
Roland Joffé (The Killing Fields)
Robert Benton (Places in the Heart)

1984

James L. Brooks (Terms of Endearment)
Ingmar Bergman (Fanny and Alexander)
Bruce Beresford (Tender Mercies)
Mike Nichols (Silkwood)
Peter Yates (The Dresser)

1983

Richard Attenborough (Gandhi)
Steven Spielberg (E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial)
Sidney Lumet (The Verdict)
Sydney Pollack (Tootsie)
Wolfgang Petersen (Das Boot)

1982

Warren Beatty (Reds)
Steven Spielberg (Raiders of the Lost Ark)
Mark Rydell (On Golden Pond)
Hugh Hudson (Chariots of Fire)
Louis Malle (Atlantic City)

1981

Robert Redford (Ordinary People)
Martin Scorsese (Raging Bull)
Roman Polanski (Tess)
David Lynch (The Elephant Man)
Richard Rush (The Stunt Man)

1980

Robert Benton (Kramer vs. Kramer)
Francis Ford Coppola (Apocalypse Now)
Bob Fosse (All That Jazz)
Peter Yates (Breaking Away)
Edouard Molinaro (La cage aux folles)

1979

Michael Cimino (The Deer Hunter)
Warren Beatty and Buck Henry (Heaven Can Wait)
Woody Allen (Interiors)
Hal Ashby (Coming Home)
Alan Parker (Midnight Express)

1978

Woody Allen (Annie Hall)
George Lucas (Star Wars: Episode IV — A New Hope)
Steven Spielberg (Close Encounters of the Third Kind)
Fred Zinnemann (Julia)
Herbert Ross (The Turning Point)

1977

John G. Avildsen (Rocky)
Sidney Lumet (Network)
Ingmar Bergman (Face to Face)
Alan J. Pakula (All the President’s Men)
Lina Wertmüller (Seven Beauties: Lina Wertmüller)

1976

Milos Forman (One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest)
Sidney Lumet (Dog Day Afternoon)
Stanley Kubrick (Barry Lyndon)
Robert Altman (Nashville)
Federico Fellini (Amarcord)

1975

Francis Ford Coppola (The Godfather, Part II)
Roman Polanski (Chinatown)
Bob Fosse (Lenny)
John Cassavetes (A Woman Under the Influence)
François Truffaut (Day for Night)

1974

George Roy Hill (The Sting)
William Friedkin (The Exorcist)
George Lucas (American Graffiti)
Ingmar Bergman (Cries and Whispers)
Bernardo Bertolucci (Last Tango in Paris)

1973

Bob Fosse (Cabaret)
Francis Ford Coppola (The Godfather)
Joseph L. Mankiewicz (Sleuth)
Jan Troell (The Emigrants)
John Boorman (Deliverance)

1972

William Friedkin (The French Connection)
Stanley Kubrick (A Clockwork Orange)
Peter Bogdanovich (The Last Picture Show)
John Schlesinger (Sunday Bloody Sunday)
Norman Jewison (Fiddler on the Roof)

1971

Franklin J. Schaffner (Patton)
Arthur Hiller (Love Story),
Federico Fellini (Fellini Satyricon)
Robert Altman (MASH)
Ken Russell (Women in Love)

1970

John Schlesinger (Midnight Cowboy)
George Roy Hill (Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid)
Sydney Pollack (They Shoot Horses, Don’t They?)
Arthur Penn (Alice’s Restaurant)
Costa-Gavras (Z)

1969

Carol Reed (Oliver!)
Stanley Kubrick (2001: A Space Odyssey)
Anthony Harvey (The Lion in Winter)
Gillo Pontecorvo (The Battle of Algiers)
Franco Zeffirelli (Romeo and Juliet)

1968

Mike Nichols (The Graduate)
Arthur Penn (Bonnie and Clyde)
Stanley Kramer (Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner)
Norman Jewison (In the Heat of the Night)
Richard Brooks (In Cold Blood)

1967

Fred Zinnemann (A Man for All Seasons)
Mike Nichols (Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?)
Richard Brooks (The Professionals)
Michelangelo Antonioni (Blow-Up)
Claude Lelouch (A Man and a Woman)

1966

Robert Wise (The Sound of Music)
David Lean (Doctor Zhivago)
John Schlesinger (Darling)
William Wyler (The Collector)
Hiroshi Teshigahara (Woman in the Dunes)

1965

George Cukor (My Fair Lady)
Stanley Kubrick (Dr. Strangelove)
Robert Stevenson (Mary Poppins)
Peter Glenville (Becket)
Richard Burton (Becket)
Mihalis Kakogiannis (Zorba the Greek)

1964

Tony Richardson (Tom Jones)
Elia Kazan (America, America)
Federico Fellini (8½)
Martin Ritt (Hud)
Otto Preminger (The Cardinal)

1963

David Lean (Lawrence of Arabia)
Robert Mulligan (To Kill a Mockingbird)
Arthur Penn (The Miracle Worker)
Frank Perry (David and Lisa)
Pietro Germi (Divorce — Italian Style)

1962

Robert Wise, Jerome Robbins (West Side Story)
Federico Fellini (La Dolce Vita)
Stanley Kramer (Judgment at Nuremberg)
Robert Rossen (The Hustler)
J. Lee Thompson (The Guns of Navarone)

1961

Billy Wilder (The Apartment)
Alfred Hitchcock (Psycho)
Fred Zinnemann (The Sundowners)
Jules Dassin (Never on Sunday)
Jack Cardiff (Sons and Lovers)

1960

William Wyler (Ben-Hur)
Billy Wilder (Some Like It Hot)
George Stevens (The Diary of Anne Frank)
Jack Clayton (Room at the Top)
Fred Zinnemann (The Nun’s Story)

1959

Vincente Minnelli (Gigi)
Richard Brooks (Cat on a Hot Tin Roof)
Stanley Kramer (The Defiant Ones)
Mark Robson (The Inn of the Sixth Happiness)
Robert Wise (I Want to Live!)

1958

David Lean (The Bridge on the River Kwai)
Sidney Lumet (12 Angry Men)
Billy Wilder (Witness for the Prosecution)
Mark Robson (Peyton Place)
Joshua Logan (Sayonara)

1957

George Stevens (Giant)
Michael Anderson (Around the World in Eighty Days)
King Vidor (War and Peace)
William Wyler (Friendly Persuasion)
Walter Lang (The King and I)

1956

Delbert Mann (Marty)
Elia Kazan (East of Eden)
David Lean (Summertime)
Joshua Logan (Picnic)
John Sturges (Bad Day at Black Rock)

1955

Elia Kazan (On the Waterfront)
Alfred Hitchcock (Rear Window)
Billy Wilder (Sabrina)
George Seaton (The Country Girl)
William A. Wellman (The High and the Mighty)

1954

Fred Zinnemann (From Here to Eternity)
George Stevens (Shane)
William Wyler (Roman Holiday)
Billy Wilder (Stalag 17)
Charles Walters (Lili)

1953

John Ford (The Quiet Man)
Fred Zinnemann (High Noon)
Cecil B. DeMille (The Greatest Show on Earth)
John Huston (Moulin Rouge),
Joseph L. Mankiewicz (5 Fingers)

1952

George Stevens (A Place in the Sun)
John Huston (The African Queen)
Elia Kazan (A Streetcar Named Desire)
Vincente Minnelli (An American in Paris)
William Wyler (Detective Story)

1951

Joseph L. Mankiewicz (All About Eve)
Billy Wilder (Sunset Blvd.)
Carol Reed (The Third Man)
John Huston (The Asphalt Jungle)
George Cukor (Born Yesterday)

1950

Joseph L. Mankiewicz (A Letter to Three Wives)
William Wyler (The Heiress)
Carol Reed (The Fallen Idol)
Robert Rossen (All The King’s Men)
William A. Wellman (Battleground)

1949

John Huston (The Treasure of the Sierra Madre)
Laurence Olivier (Hamlet)
Fred Zinnemann (The Search)
Jean Negulesco (Johnny Belinda)
Anatole Litvak (The Snake Pit)

1948

Elia Kazan (Gentleman’s Agreement)
David Lean (Great Expectations)
George Cukor (A Double Life)
Henry Koster (The Bishop’s Wife)
Edward Dmytryk (Crossfire)

1947

William Wyler (The Best Years of Our Lives)
Frank Capra (It’s a Wonderful Life)
David Lean (Brief Encounter)
Clarence Brown (The Yearling)
Robert Siodmak (The Killers)

1946

Billy Wilder (The Lost Weekend)
Alfred Hitchcock (Spellbound)
Clarence Brown (National Velvet)
Leo McCarey (The Bells of St. Mary’s)
Jean Renoir (The Southerner)

1945

Leo McCarey (Going My Way)
Alfred Hitchcock (Lifeboat)
Billy Wilder (Double Indemnity)
Otto Preminger (Laura)
Henry King (Wilson)

1944

Michael Curtiz (Casablanca)
George Stevens (The More the Merrier)
Ernst Lubitsch (Heaven Can Wait)
Henry King (The Song of Bernadette)
Clarence Brown (The Human Comedy)

1943

William Wyler (Mrs. Miniver)
Michael Curtiz (Yankee Doodle Dandy)
John Farrow (Wake Island)
Mervyn LeRoy (Random Harvest)
Sam Wood (Kings Row)

1942

John Ford (How Green Was My Valley)
Orson Welles (Citizen Kane)
Howard Hawks (Sergeant York)
William Wyler (The Little Foxes)
Alexander Hall (Here Comes Mr. Jordan)

1941

John Ford (The Grapes of Wrath)
Alfred Hitchcock (Rebecca)
George Cukor (The Philadelphia Story)
William Wyler (The Letter)
Sam Wood (Kitty Foyle: The Natural History of a Woman)

1940

Victor Fleming (Gone With the Wind)
Frank Capra (Mr. Smith Goes to Washington)
John Ford (Stagecoach)
William Wyler (Wuthering Heights)
Sam Wood (Goodbye, Mr. Chips)

1939

Frank Capra (You Can’t Take It with You)
Michael Curtiz (Four Daughters)
Michael Curtiz (Angels with Dirty Faces)
Norman Taurog (Boys Town)
King Vidor (The Citadel)

1938

Leo McCarey (The Awful Truth)
William A. Wellman (A Star Is Born)
Gregory La Cava (Stage Door)
Sidney Franklin (The Good Earth)
William Dieterle (The Life of Emile Zola)

1937

Frank Capra (Mr. Deeds Goes to Town)
Robert Z. Leonard (The Great Ziegfeld)
William Wyler (Dodsworth)
W.S. Van Dyke (San Francisco)
Gregory La Cava (My Man Godfrey)

1936

John Ford (The Informer)
Michael Curtiz, write-in (Captain Blood)
Frank Lloyd (Mutiny on the Bounty)
Henry Hathaway (The Lives of a Bengal Lancer)

1935

Frank Capra (It Happened One Night)
W.S. Van Dyke (The Thin Man)
Victor Schertzinger (One Night of Love)

1934

Frank Lloyd (Cavalcade)
Frank Capra (Lady for a Day)
George Cukor (Little Women)

1932/1933

Frank Borzage (Bad Girl)
King Vidor (The Champ)
Josef von Sternberg (Shanghai Express)

1931

Norman Taurog (Skippy)
Josef von Sternberg (Morocco)
Wesley Ruggles (Cimarron)
Clarence Brown (A Free Soul)
Lewis Milestone (The Front Page)

1930 – 2° edição do ano

Lewis Milestone (All Quiet on the Western Front)
Clarence Brown (Romance)
Clarence Brown (Anna Christie)
Robert Z. Leonard (The Divorcee)
Ernst Lubitsch (The Love Parade)
King Vidor (Hallelujah!)

1930 – 1° edição do ano

Frank Lloyd (The Divine Lady)
Ernst Lubitsch (The Patriot)
Frank Lloyd (Drag)
Harry Beaumont (The Broadway Melody)
Irving Cummings (In Old Arizona)
Frank Lloyd (Weary River)

1929 – categoria “drama”

Frank Borzage (7th Heaven)
Herbert Brenon (Sorrell and Son)
King Vidor (The Crowd)

1929 – categoria “comédia”

Lewis Milestone (Two Arabian Knights)
Ted Wilde (Speedy)